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	<title>Euclidean Geometry Blog</title>
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		<title>A short note about Problem 3 VMO 2012</title>
		<link>http://nguyenvanlinh.wordpress.com/2012/01/19/a-short-note-about-problem-3-vmo-2012/</link>
		<comments>http://nguyenvanlinh.wordpress.com/2012/01/19/a-short-note-about-problem-3-vmo-2012/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Thu, 19 Jan 2012 15:20:45 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>livetolove212</dc:creator>
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		<description><![CDATA[bai3VMO_morong<img alt="" border="0" src="http://stats.wordpress.com/b.gif?host=nguyenvanlinh.wordpress.com&amp;blog=9871274&amp;post=464&amp;subd=nguyenvanlinh&amp;ref=&amp;feed=1" width="1" height="1" />]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><a href="http://nguyenvanlinh.files.wordpress.com/2012/01/bai3vmo_morong.pdf">bai3VMO_morong</a></p>
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		<title>Hagge circles revisited</title>
		<link>http://nguyenvanlinh.wordpress.com/2011/12/31/hagge-circles-revisited/</link>
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		<pubDate>Sat, 31 Dec 2011 03:31:35 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>livetolove212</dc:creator>
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		<description><![CDATA[Hagge circles revisited<img alt="" border="0" src="http://stats.wordpress.com/b.gif?host=nguyenvanlinh.wordpress.com&amp;blog=9871274&amp;post=458&amp;subd=nguyenvanlinh&amp;ref=&amp;feed=1" width="1" height="1" />]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><a href="http://nguyenvanlinh.files.wordpress.com/2011/12/hagge-circles-revisited.pdf">Hagge circles revisited</a></p>
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		<title>Circumscribed quadrilateral</title>
		<link>http://nguyenvanlinh.wordpress.com/2011/11/15/circumscribed-quadrilateral/</link>
		<comments>http://nguyenvanlinh.wordpress.com/2011/11/15/circumscribed-quadrilateral/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Tue, 15 Nov 2011 04:30:37 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>livetolove212</dc:creator>
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		<description><![CDATA[This is a nice problem I found a long time ago. It&#8217;s easy but nice. You can solve it by using inversion. Problem:  Given a circumscribed quadrilateral . intersects and again at , respectively. Prove that is also a circumscribed quadrilateral. &#160; Link to problem above: http://www.artofproblemsolving.com/Forum/viewtopic.php?f=47&#38;t=444400<img alt="" border="0" src="http://stats.wordpress.com/b.gif?host=nguyenvanlinh.wordpress.com&amp;blog=9871274&amp;post=442&amp;subd=nguyenvanlinh&amp;ref=&amp;feed=1" width="1" height="1" />]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>This is a nice problem I found a long time ago. It&#8217;s easy but nice. You can solve it by using inversion.</p>
<p><strong>Problem:</strong>  Given a circumscribed quadrilateral <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=ABCD&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='ABCD' title='ABCD' class='latex' />. <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=AC&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='AC' title='AC' class='latex' /> intersects <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=%28ABD%29&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='(ABD)' title='(ABD)' class='latex' /> and <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=%28CBD%29&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='(CBD)' title='(CBD)' class='latex' /> again at <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=E%2C+F&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='E, F' title='E, F' class='latex' />, respectively. Prove that <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=FBED&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='FBED' title='FBED' class='latex' /> is also a circumscribed quadrilateral.</p>
<p><a href="http://nguyenvanlinh.files.wordpress.com/2011/11/picture5.png"><img class="alignnone size-full wp-image-443" title="picture5" src="http://nguyenvanlinh.files.wordpress.com/2011/11/picture5.png" alt="" width="451" height="434" /></a></p>
<p><strong><br />
</strong></p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p>Link to problem above: <a href="http://www.artofproblemsolving.com/Forum/viewtopic.php?f=47&amp;t=444400">http://www.artofproblemsolving.com/Forum/viewtopic.php?f=47&amp;t=444400</a></p>
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		<title>On the figure of IMO 2009 P2 Generalization</title>
		<link>http://nguyenvanlinh.wordpress.com/2011/10/23/on-the-figure-of-imo-2009-p2-generalization-2/</link>
		<comments>http://nguyenvanlinh.wordpress.com/2011/10/23/on-the-figure-of-imo-2009-p2-generalization-2/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Sun, 23 Oct 2011 11:43:56 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>livetolove212</dc:creator>
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		<description><![CDATA[For the generalization, see the file below: IMO P2 generalization We found some nice properties about this figure. Problem 1: Given two triangles  and with their circumcircle . intersects at , respectively. Let be the projection of on . Let be the midpoints of be the reflection of wrt . Similarly we define . Prove [...]<img alt="" border="0" src="http://stats.wordpress.com/b.gif?host=nguyenvanlinh.wordpress.com&amp;blog=9871274&amp;post=419&amp;subd=nguyenvanlinh&amp;ref=&amp;feed=1" width="1" height="1" />]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>For the generalization, see the file below:</p>
<p><a href="http://nguyenvanlinh.files.wordpress.com/2011/10/imo-p2-generalization.pdf">IMO P2 generalization</a></p>
<p>We found some nice properties about this figure.</p>
<p><strong>Problem 1:</strong> Given two triangles <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=ABC&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='ABC' title='ABC' class='latex' />  and <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=XYZ&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='XYZ' title='XYZ' class='latex' /> with their circumcircle <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=%28O%29&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='(O)' title='(O)' class='latex' />. <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=YZ&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='YZ' title='YZ' class='latex' /> intersects <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=AB%2C+AC&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='AB, AC' title='AB, AC' class='latex' /> at <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=P%2C+N&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='P, N' title='P, N' class='latex' />, respectively. Let <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=J&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='J' title='J' class='latex' /> be the projection of <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=O&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='O' title='O' class='latex' /> on <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=YZ&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='YZ' title='YZ' class='latex' />. Let <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=K%2C+L&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='K, L' title='K, L' class='latex' /> be the midpoints of <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=BN%2C+CP.+A%27&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='BN, CP. A&#039;' title='BN, CP. A&#039;' class='latex' /> be the reflection of <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=J&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='J' title='J' class='latex' /> wrt <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=KL&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='KL' title='KL' class='latex' />. Similarly we define <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=B%27%2C+C%27&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='B&#039;, C&#039;' title='B&#039;, C&#039;' class='latex' />. Prove that:</p>
<p>1 (<strong>Nguyen Van Thanh</strong>).  <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=A%27&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='A&#039;' title='A&#039;' class='latex' /> lies on the 9-point circle of triangle <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=ABC&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='ABC' title='ABC' class='latex' />.</p>
<p>2.  Two triangles <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=XYZ&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='XYZ' title='XYZ' class='latex' /> and <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=A%27B%27C%27&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='A&#039;B&#039;C&#039;' title='A&#039;B&#039;C&#039;' class='latex' /> are similar.</p>
<p><a href="http://nguyenvanlinh.files.wordpress.com/2011/10/figure41.png"><img class="alignnone size-full wp-image-436" title="figure4" src="http://nguyenvanlinh.files.wordpress.com/2011/10/figure41.png" alt="" width="454" height="451" /></a></p>
<p><strong>Problem 2:</strong> Given a triangle <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=ABC&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='ABC' title='ABC' class='latex' /> and its circumcircle <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=%28O%29&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='(O)' title='(O)' class='latex' />. Let <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=d&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='d' title='d' class='latex' /> be an arbitrary line.  <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=d&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='d' title='d' class='latex' /> intersects <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=BC%2C+CA%2C+AB&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='BC, CA, AB' title='BC, CA, AB' class='latex' /> at <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=X%2C+Y%2C+Z&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='X, Y, Z' title='X, Y, Z' class='latex' />. Let <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=L&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='L' title='L' class='latex' /> be the projection of <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=O&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='O' title='O' class='latex' /> on <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=d&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='d' title='d' class='latex' />. Prove that <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=%28ALX%29%2C+%28BLY%29%2C+%28CLZ%29&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='(ALX), (BLY), (CLZ)' title='(ALX), (BLY), (CLZ)' class='latex' /> are coaxal.</p>
<p><a href="http://nguyenvanlinh.files.wordpress.com/2011/10/figure5.png"><img class="alignnone size-full wp-image-422" title="figure5" src="http://nguyenvanlinh.files.wordpress.com/2011/10/figure5.png" alt="" width="542" height="453" /></a></p>
<p><strong>Problem 3:</strong>  Given triangle <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=ABC&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='ABC' title='ABC' class='latex' />, its circumcircle <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=%28O%29&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='(O)' title='(O)' class='latex' /> and a vector <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=%5Cvec%7Bu%7D&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='&#92;vec{u}' title='&#92;vec{u}' class='latex' /> . Let <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=d&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='d' title='d' class='latex' /> be a line such that <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=d+%2F%2F+%5Cvec%7Bu%7D&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='d // &#92;vec{u}' title='d // &#92;vec{u}' class='latex' />. <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=d&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='d' title='d' class='latex' /> intersects <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=AB%2C+AC&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='AB, AC' title='AB, AC' class='latex' /> at <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=Y%2C+Z&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='Y, Z' title='Y, Z' class='latex' />. Let <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=M%2C+N&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='M, N' title='M, N' class='latex' /> be the midpoints of  <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=BY%2C+CZ&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='BY, CZ' title='BY, CZ' class='latex' />, respectively; <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=L&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='L' title='L' class='latex' /> be the projection of <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=O&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='O' title='O' class='latex' /> on <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=d&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='d' title='d' class='latex' />. Prove that when <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=d&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='d' title='d' class='latex' /> moves, the line through <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=L&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='L' title='L' class='latex' /> and perpendicular to <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=MN&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='MN' title='MN' class='latex' /> passes through a fixed point.</p>
<p>Have fun! <img src='http://s0.wp.com/wp-includes/images/smilies/icon_smile.gif' alt=':)' class='wp-smiley' /> </p>
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		<title>From a problem about concyclic in Mathematics and Youth magazine</title>
		<link>http://nguyenvanlinh.wordpress.com/2011/08/22/from-a-problem-about-concyclic-in-mathematics-and-youth-magazine/</link>
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		<pubDate>Mon, 22 Aug 2011 02:05:35 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>livetolove212</dc:creator>
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		<description><![CDATA[Problem 1 (M&#38;Y):  Given 4 points in the plane and an arbitrary point such that is not lie on any circumcircle of these points. 1. Prove that the pedal circles of wrt triangles are concurrent. We will not discuss about the solution of this problem. It can be solved by using direct angle. Now from [...]<img alt="" border="0" src="http://stats.wordpress.com/b.gif?host=nguyenvanlinh.wordpress.com&amp;blog=9871274&amp;post=405&amp;subd=nguyenvanlinh&amp;ref=&amp;feed=1" width="1" height="1" />]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><strong>Problem 1 (M&amp;Y):</strong>  Given 4 points <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=A_1%2C+A_2%2C+A_3%2C+A_4&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='A_1, A_2, A_3, A_4' title='A_1, A_2, A_3, A_4' class='latex' /> in the plane and an arbitrary point <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=P&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='P' title='P' class='latex' /> such that <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=P&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='P' title='P' class='latex' /> is not lie on any circumcircle of these points.<br />
1. Prove that the pedal circles of <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=P&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='P' title='P' class='latex' /> wrt triangles <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=A_1A_2A_3%2C+A_2A_3A_4%2C+A_1A_3A_4%2C+A_1A_2A_4&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='A_1A_2A_3, A_2A_3A_4, A_1A_3A_4, A_1A_2A_4' title='A_1A_2A_3, A_2A_3A_4, A_1A_3A_4, A_1A_2A_4' class='latex' /> are concurrent.</p>
<p>We will not discuss about the solution of this problem. It can be solved by using direct angle. Now from problem 1, I found 3 problem involved as below:</p>
<p><strong>Problem 2:</strong>  Given 5 points <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=A_1%2C+A_2%2C+A_3%2C+A_4%2C+A_5&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='A_1, A_2, A_3, A_4, A_5' title='A_1, A_2, A_3, A_4, A_5' class='latex' /> in the plane and an arbitrary point <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=P&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='P' title='P' class='latex' /> such that <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=P&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='P' title='P' class='latex' /> is not lie on any circumcircle of these points.<br />
1. Prove that the pedal circles of <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=P&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='P' title='P' class='latex' /> wrt triangles <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=A_1A_2A_3%2C+A_2A_3A_4%2C+A_1A_3A_4%2C+A_1A_2A_4&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='A_1A_2A_3, A_2A_3A_4, A_1A_3A_4, A_1A_2A_4' title='A_1A_2A_3, A_2A_3A_4, A_1A_3A_4, A_1A_2A_4' class='latex' /> concur at a point <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=X_5&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='X_5' title='X_5' class='latex' />.<br />
2. Similarly we define <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=X_1%2C+X_2%2C+X_3%2C+X_4&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='X_1, X_2, X_3, X_4' title='X_1, X_2, X_3, X_4' class='latex' />. Prove that <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=X_1%2C+X_2%2C+X_3%2C+X_4%2C+X_5&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='X_1, X_2, X_3, X_4, X_5' title='X_1, X_2, X_3, X_4, X_5' class='latex' /> are concyclic.</p>
<p><strong>Problem 3:</strong>  Given a cyclic quadrilateral <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=ABCD&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='ABCD' title='ABCD' class='latex' />. Let <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=X&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='X' title='X' class='latex' /> be an arbitrary point in the plane such that <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=X&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='X' title='X' class='latex' /> is not lie on <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=%28ABCD%29&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='(ABCD)' title='(ABCD)' class='latex' />. Prove that the centers of the pedal circles of <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=X&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='X' title='X' class='latex' /> wrt <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=ABC%2C+BCD%2C+CDA%2C+DAB&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='ABC, BCD, CDA, DAB' title='ABC, BCD, CDA, DAB' class='latex' /> are concyclic.</p>
<p><strong>Problem 4:</strong>  From 4 non-collinear points <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=A_1%2C+A_2%2C+A_3%2C+A_4&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='A_1, A_2, A_3, A_4' title='A_1, A_2, A_3, A_4' class='latex' />, we define the point <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=A_n&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='A_n' title='A_n' class='latex' /> is the orthocenter of the triangle <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=A_iA_jA_k+%281%5Cleq+i%3Cj%3Ck%5Cleq+n-1%29&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='A_iA_jA_k (1&#92;leq i&lt;j&lt;k&#92;leq n-1)' title='A_iA_jA_k (1&#92;leq i&lt;j&lt;k&#92;leq n-1)' class='latex' />. Then we have a set <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=%5C%7BA_1%2C+A_2%2C+A_3%2C...%2C+A_n%5C%7D&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='&#92;{A_1, A_2, A_3,..., A_n&#92;}' title='&#92;{A_1, A_2, A_3,..., A_n&#92;}' class='latex' />. Prove that the pedal circle of any point <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=A_x&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='A_x' title='A_x' class='latex' /> wrt triangle <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=A_iA_jA_k+%281%5Cleq+i%3Cj%3Ck%5Cleq+n%2C+x%5Cneq+i%2C+j%2C+k%29&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='A_iA_jA_k (1&#92;leq i&lt;j&lt;k&#92;leq n, x&#92;neq i, j, k)' title='A_iA_jA_k (1&#92;leq i&lt;j&lt;k&#92;leq n, x&#92;neq i, j, k)' class='latex' /> and the 9-point circles of all the triangle <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=A_iA_jA_k&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='A_iA_jA_k' title='A_iA_jA_k' class='latex' /> are concurrent.</p>
<p>3 months ago, I wrote the solutions for these problems in an article but what a pity, I lost it. So I will leave links to these problems:</p>
<p><a href="http://www.artofproblemsolving.com/Forum/viewtopic.php?f=47&amp;t=422802">http://www.artofproblemsolving.com/Forum/viewtopic.php?f=47&amp;t=422801</a></p>
<p><a href="http://www.artofproblemsolving.com/Forum/viewtopic.php?f=47&amp;t=422802">http://www.artofproblemsolving.com/Forum/viewtopic.php?f=47&amp;t=422802</a></p>
<p><a href="http://www.artofproblemsolving.com/Forum/viewtopic.php?f=47&amp;t=422803">http://www.artofproblemsolving.com/Forum/viewtopic.php?f=47&amp;t=422803</a></p>
<p>Interestingly, the last problem of <a href="http://nguyenvanlinh.wordpress.com/2011/01/29/ten-concyclic-points/">this topic</a> is the corollary of <strong>problem 2</strong>.</p>
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		<title>Tản mạn về hình học</title>
		<link>http://nguyenvanlinh.wordpress.com/2011/08/21/t%e1%ba%a3n-m%e1%ba%a1n-v%e1%bb%81-hinh-h%e1%bb%8dc/</link>
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		<pubDate>Sat, 20 Aug 2011 17:47:59 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>livetolove212</dc:creator>
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		<description><![CDATA[Tôi không đủ tự tin với trình độ tiếng Anh của mình nên trong bài viết này xin được viết bằng tiếng Việt. Dù sao suy nghĩ thường khó diễn tả bằng ngôn ngữ khác. Mỗi người đều có một niềm đam mê riêng, còn với tôi, niềm đam mê ấy là bộ môn hình [...]<img alt="" border="0" src="http://stats.wordpress.com/b.gif?host=nguyenvanlinh.wordpress.com&amp;blog=9871274&amp;post=397&amp;subd=nguyenvanlinh&amp;ref=&amp;feed=1" width="1" height="1" />]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Tôi không đủ tự tin với trình độ tiếng Anh của mình nên trong bài viết này xin được viết bằng tiếng Việt. Dù sao suy nghĩ thường khó diễn tả bằng ngôn ngữ khác.</p>
<p>Mỗi người đều có một niềm đam mê riêng, còn với tôi, niềm đam mê ấy là bộ môn hình học.</p>
<p>Nếu nói về bài toán hình học tôi tâm đắc đầu tiên, thì đó thực sự không phải là một bài toán olympic khó, hay một bài toán tự  mình sáng tạo. Đơn giản đó chỉ là một bài toán về ba hình vuông dựng ra ngoài một tam giác, mà sau này tôi biết đó là định lý Vecten. Tâm đắc là bởi vì ngày đó tôi còn học cấp 2, và trong giây phút lóe sáng, lời giải của tôi rất đơn giản và ngắn gọn, hay hơn cách của thầy giáo. Tâm đắc cũng bởi vì từ  giây phút đó, tôi thực sự biết mình yêu thích và có thế mạnh về cái gì.</p>
<p>Nhưng ngày đó tôi vẫn còn yêu thích tất cả các phân môn trong toán học. Tôi đặt nick yahoo của mình là lovemathforever, như  một khẳng định rằng mình sẽ yêu toán học mãi mãi. Tình yêu toán học đã giúp tôi tìm được một suất vào mái trường  THPT giàu truyền thống nhất Việt Nam, khối chuyên Toán-Tin, đại học  Khoa học  Tự  nhiên Hà Nội.  Nhớ lại vẫn còn thấy mình may mắn. Nếu như  bài toán cuối cùng của vòng chuyên tôi không được nửa điểm khuyến khích thì có lẽ đã trượt rồi.</p>
<p>Năm lớp 10 đến với nhiều háo hức và hi vọng. Đầu năm học, tôi cũng có nhiều ước mơ và hoài bão như  bao cậu học trò chuyên toán khác.  Nhưng mọi chuyện không như  dự  tính,  sau một năm trời có biết bao nhiêu chuyện xảy ra. Khi tôi buồn nhất thì chỉ có hình học mới là thứ  duy nhất giúp tôi quên đi nỗi buồn. Tôi chán nản và tạo ra thú vui tiêu khiển bằng cách vẽ hình chằng chịt trên máy tính. Ít ra khi nhìn vào những thứ  linh tinh ấy, nó giúp tôi quên đi một số thứ  nên quên.</p>
<p>Cuối năm trường tôi tổ chức cho học sinh nghiên cứu chuyên đề theo nhóm. Tôi ngôi nghịch vẽ linh tinh, nhưng may sao trong cái linh tinh ấy lại lóe lên tia sáng, và nó giúp tôi hoàn thành chuyên đề đầu tiên do tôi sáng tạo. Thầy  Đỗ  Thanh Sơn gọi vui nó là đường thẳng A0, nhưng mà thật hài, 6 điểm nằm trên một đường thẳng, nhưng nó chỉ là đường cao thôi <img src='http://s0.wp.com/wp-includes/images/smilies/icon_smile.gif' alt=':)' class='wp-smiley' /> ). Đêm trước ngày thuyết trình, tôi ngồi với một anh sinh viên rất thân theo ngành toán. Cả tôi và anh đều có chuyện buồn nên lúc đó trời mưa to, chúng tôi vẫn mặc kệ và ngồi giữa sân kí túc xá, cùng nói chuyện về toán học. Cả sân nhà  B1 reo hò kêu hai thằng hâm. Tôi hỏi anh yêu toán có nhất thiết phải vào đội tuyển không? Anh trả lời rằng vào đội tuyển là cái tốt nhưng không phải con đường duy nhất thể hiện tình yêu toán học. Bản thân anh cũng chưa từng thi HSG hồi cấp 3, và bây giờ anh là sinh viên khoa toán tiên tiến. Tôi nói với anh rằng tôi quyết định bỏ đội tuyển.  Tôi chỉ yêu hình học, và tôi muốn nghiên cứu nó. Thế có bị coi là lập dị không? &#8230;</p>
<p>Rồi những tháng hè trôi qua, năm lớp 11 đã đến, tôi vẫn cần quên một số thứ, và do đó tôi vẫn đắm chìm trong những hình vẽ. Cũng  có những lúc thấy mình thật dở hơi và lãng phí thời gian, nhưng nếu không vậy tôi đã chả là tôi.  Lớp 11 là quãng thời gian tôi muốn thể hiện mình nhiều nhất. Tôi gửi bài trên diễn đàn Mathlinks hàng ngày. Rồi tôi cũng đạt được nhiều kết quả đẹp, được nhiều người biết đến. Đáng nhớ nhất là có người treo giải 70 đô cho một bài toán, và tôi là người ẵm phần thưởng.</p>
<p>Năm lớp 12 đến, nhiệm vụ của một người học sinh không thể quên. 12 năm đèn sách chỉ còn đợi ngày vượt vũ môn. Tôi hiểu điều đó, và tôi phải tạm bở niềm đam mê của mình để ôn thi đại học. Nhưng những lúc thấy căng thẳng, tôi lại bỏ hình ra nghịch. Nó làm tôi thấy thư  giãn và giảm stress. Với tôi, hình học chỉ như một trò chơi trí tuệ. Mỗi lần tìm ra những lời giải đẹp, những bài toán mới là một lần thấy mình là người chiến thắng. Cuối cùng thời học sinh của tôi khép lại với chuyên đề về hình sao Morley, bài viết mà tôi tâm đắc nhất, được đăng trên tạp chí THTT. Có lẽ tôi khó có thể tìm được một chuyên đề thứ  hai đẹp như vậy. Đó là một chiến thắng của riêng tôi.</p>
<p>Trước mắt tôi đang là tương lai. Không biết &#8220;lovemathforever&#8221; liệu giờ còn hay không. Tôi đã quyết định bỏ toán để theo kinh tế. Mặc dù không biết sự lựa chọn của mình đúng hay sai, nhưng tôi thực sự không đủ can đảm. Cuộc sống vốn phức tạp và nhiều khi không theo ý muốn của mình. Mong muốn sau này vẫn còn làm được điều mình đam mê từ thời đi học, nhưng liệu có làm được không?</p>
<p>Những điều ở trên chỉ là trong lúc cảm xúc nhất thời viết ra thôi. Tôi xin tạm dừng lại. Giờ chúng ta bàn về cái đẹp của hình học. Vậy cái đẹp nhất ẩn chứa trong nó là gì? Tất nhiên là vẻ đẹp của hình vẽ rồi. Muốn thấy được cái đẹp của nó, chúng ta phải có cái nhìn tinh tế, một trí tưởng tượng phong phú.</p>
<p>Những ngày đầu THPT, tôi cố gắng học nhiều phương pháp mới lạ để có thể dễ dàng giải một bài toán hình học.  Nhưng đấy có phải đích đến cuối cùng? Vậy một lời giải thế nào mới thực sự là đẹp?  Có thể mỗi người có quan niệm về cái đẹp riêng, nhưng với tôi, sau này lại quan niệm rằng một lời giải chỉ đẹp khi nó không cần phải sử dụng đến những phương pháp mạnh, mà chỉ cần sử dụng những điều đơn giản nhất. Và tôi đã thực hiện lý tưởng ấy trong hầu hết các chứng minh. Yếu tố phụ mới là những thứ  kì diệu. Tìm cách tạo ra chúng và bài toán trở nên vô cùng đơn giản. Hình học của THCS mới thực sự  là thứ  đẹp nhất trong hình học.</p>
<p>Nhưng đó không phải tất cả. Cái đẹp còn nằm ở sự  sáng tạo vấn đề mới. Điều này tôi học hỏi được rất nhiều từ  những người thầy của tôi.  Học cách tổng quát và đặc biệt hóa vấn đề giúp cho ta suy nghĩ và nhìn nhận bài toán một cách khái quát. Tôi vẫn nhớ một bài toán về đồng viên với trực tâm tôi sáng tác ra.  Bài toán khiến tôi mất rất nhiều thời gian suy nghĩ. Về sau trên diễn đần ML có đăng một lời giải dùng tới 5 bổ đề. Nó quá dài và ngại đọc! Rồi trong lúc bế tắc, tôi đã thử tổng quát bài toán, và hóa ra trong trường hợp tổng quát nở lại trở nên khá đơn giản. Ý tôi ở đây không phải muốn khoe về bài toán đó, nhưng thực sự việc biết cách tổng quát và đặc biệt hóa bài toán là một trong những bước tạo nên thành công. ( bài toán thú vị ấy ở đây: <a href="http://nguyenvanlinh.wordpress.com/2009/12/29/near-hagge-circle-2/">http://nguyenvanlinh.wordpress.com/2009/12/29/near-hagge-circle-2/</a> )</p>
<p>Ngoài ra còn phải kể đến bước khai thác bài toán. Không phải giải một bài toán là xong mà xung quanh nó còn ẩn chứa nhiều điều thú vị, đẹp đẽ chờ chúng ta tìm kiếm. Khi vẽ hình trên máy tình, tôi thường không tìm cách giải vội mà sẽ lục tìm xem có tính chất nào hay xung quanh hình vẽ ấy. Nhiều khi tìm ra những tính chất đó lại là bước đi đến lời giải của bài toán. Cũng có thể nó không liên quan gì cả, nhưng ít ra bạn cũng tìm thấy một điều thú vị phải không?</p>
<p>Cảm nhận vẻ đẹp của hình học qua những điều tôi nói trên cũng chính là những bước để học tốt môn hình. Tuy nhiên những bước đó có thể rèn luyện lâu dài bởi không phải ai lúc ban đầu cũng có khả năng quan sát hình học tốt. Điều quan trọng nhất nằm ở chính mỗi chúng ta, có thái độ tích cực thì mới thành công, có tính tỉ mỉ, chăm chỉ làm nhiều bài tập, đọc nhiều tài liệu, các bài toán trên diễn đàn, đồng thời cố gắng tích lũy nhiều bổ đề. Ngoài ra cần luôn nhớ rằng phải vẽ hình một cách sáng sủa, rõ ràng. Cái này các bạn thấy rõ nhất trong hình học không gian. Nhiều khi góc nhìn một đa diện đóng vai trò quan trọng. Nhìn theo hướng này bài toán trở nên dễ dàng hơn, nhìn theo hướng khác lại trở nên khó khăn và đôi khi vô hướng.</p>
<p>Một điều quan trọng nữa là hãy rèn luyện cho mình thói quen tập viết chuyên đề. Hãy tự  tin với ý tưởng trong đầu bạn, cố gắng diễn đạt nó lên trên giấy. Đừng ngại người khác chê bài viết dở mà hãy lắng nghe lời nhận xét của mọi người. Ít nhất có ý tưởng mới đã là một điều đáng quý rồi.</p>
<p>Ngày nay thời đại công nghệ thông tin phát triển. Việc luyện giải hình học trên máy tính cũng quan trọng. Với nhiều phần mềm hỗ trợ việc vẽ hình học động, chúng ta có thể giải quyết nhiều bài toán về quỹ tích, điểm cố định &#8230; Vậy nên đừng bỏ qua cái này nhé. Hãy thử tìm hiểu một trong các phần mềm đó và thực hành thông thạo. Chẳng hạn tôi vẫn thường dùng phần mềm Geometer Sketchpad.</p>
<p>Đến đây tôi xin tạm dừng bài viết. Chúc các bạn học tốt, nhất là với những người có niềm say mê hình học!</p>
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			<wfw:commentRss>http://nguyenvanlinh.wordpress.com/2011/08/21/t%e1%ba%a3n-m%e1%ba%a1n-v%e1%bb%81-hinh-h%e1%bb%8dc/feed/</wfw:commentRss>
		<slash:comments>9</slash:comments>
	
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			<media:title type="html">livetolove212</media:title>
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		<title>About IMO 2011, problem 6</title>
		<link>http://nguyenvanlinh.wordpress.com/2011/08/20/about-imo-2011-problem-6/</link>
		<comments>http://nguyenvanlinh.wordpress.com/2011/08/20/about-imo-2011-problem-6/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Sat, 20 Aug 2011 09:50:45 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>livetolove212</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Home]]></category>

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		<description><![CDATA[Today I come back with an interesting problem: Let be an acute triangle with circumcircle . Let be a tangent line to , and let and be the lines obtained by reflecting in the lines , and , respectively. Show that the circumcircle of the triangle determined by the lines and is tangent to the [...]<img alt="" border="0" src="http://stats.wordpress.com/b.gif?host=nguyenvanlinh.wordpress.com&amp;blog=9871274&amp;post=389&amp;subd=nguyenvanlinh&amp;ref=&amp;feed=1" width="1" height="1" />]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Today I come back with an interesting problem:</p>
<p>Let <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=ABC&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='ABC' title='ABC' class='latex' /> be an acute triangle with circumcircle <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=%5CGamma&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='&#92;Gamma' title='&#92;Gamma' class='latex' />. Let <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=l&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='l' title='l' class='latex' /> be a tangent line to <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=%5CGamma&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='&#92;Gamma' title='&#92;Gamma' class='latex' />, and let <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=l_a%2C+l_b&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='l_a, l_b' title='l_a, l_b' class='latex' /> and <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=l_c&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='l_c' title='l_c' class='latex' /> be the lines obtained by reflecting <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=l&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='l' title='l' class='latex' /> in the lines <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=BC&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='BC' title='BC' class='latex' />, <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=CA&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='CA' title='CA' class='latex' /> and <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=AB&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='AB' title='AB' class='latex' />, respectively. Show that the circumcircle of the triangle determined by the lines <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=l_a%2C+l_b&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='l_a, l_b' title='l_a, l_b' class='latex' /> and <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=l_c&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='l_c' title='l_c' class='latex' /> is tangent to the circle <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=%5CGamma&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='&#92;Gamma' title='&#92;Gamma' class='latex' />.</p>
<p><strong>Proof:</strong></p>
<p style="text-align:center;"><a href="http://nguyenvanlinh.files.wordpress.com/2011/08/imo2011.png"><img class="alignnone size-full wp-image-390" title="IMO2011" src="http://nguyenvanlinh.files.wordpress.com/2011/08/imo2011.png" alt="" width="582" height="585" /></a></p>
<p>Denote <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=D%2C+E%2C+F&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='D, E, F' title='D, E, F' class='latex' /> the intersections of <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=l&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='l' title='l' class='latex' /> and <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=BC%2CCA%2CAB&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='BC,CA,AB' title='BC,CA,AB' class='latex' />, respectively; <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=X%2CY%2CZ&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='X,Y,Z' title='X,Y,Z' class='latex' /> the intersections of 3 lines <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=l_a%2Cl_b%2Cl_c&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='l_a,l_b,l_c' title='l_a,l_b,l_c' class='latex' />.<br />
Let <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=L&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='L' title='L' class='latex' /> be the point of contact of <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=l&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='l' title='l' class='latex' /> and <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=%5CGamma&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='&#92;Gamma' title='&#92;Gamma' class='latex' />; <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=R%2CS%2CT&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='R,S,T' title='R,S,T' class='latex' /> be the reflections of <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=L&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='L' title='L' class='latex' /> wrt <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=AB%2CAC%2CBC%3B+M&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='AB,AC,BC; M' title='AB,AC,BC; M' class='latex' /> be the Miquel point of the completed quadrilateral <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=XSRYTZ&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='XSRYTZ' title='XSRYTZ' class='latex' />.<br />
<img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=%5Cangle+ZXY%3D%5Cangle+FEX%2B%5Cangle+EFX%3D180%5Eo-2%5Cangle+LEC%2B2%5Cangle+LFA%3D180%5Eo-2%5Cangle+BAC.&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='&#92;angle ZXY=&#92;angle FEX+&#92;angle EFX=180^o-2&#92;angle LEC+2&#92;angle LFA=180^o-2&#92;angle BAC.' title='&#92;angle ZXY=&#92;angle FEX+&#92;angle EFX=180^o-2&#92;angle LEC+2&#92;angle LFA=180^o-2&#92;angle BAC.' class='latex' /><br />
We have the distances from <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=A&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='A' title='A' class='latex' /> to <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=l%2C+DE%2C+FY&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='l, DE, FY' title='l, DE, FY' class='latex' /> are equal so <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=XA&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='XA' title='XA' class='latex' /> is the bisector of angle <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=ZXY.&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='ZXY.' title='ZXY.' class='latex' /><br />
We get <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=%5Cangle+ZXA%3D%5Cfrac%7B1%7D%7B2%7D%5Cangle+ZXY%3D90%5Eo-%5Cangle+BAC.+%281%29&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='&#92;angle ZXA=&#92;frac{1}{2}&#92;angle ZXY=90^o-&#92;angle BAC. (1)' title='&#92;angle ZXA=&#92;frac{1}{2}&#92;angle ZXY=90^o-&#92;angle BAC. (1)' class='latex' /><br />
On the other side, let <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=U%2C+V&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='U, V' title='U, V' class='latex' /> be the projections of <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=L&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='L' title='L' class='latex' /> onto <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=AC%2C+AB&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='AC, AB' title='AC, AB' class='latex' /> then <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=UV&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='UV' title='UV' class='latex' /> passes through the midpoint of <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=LQ&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='LQ' title='LQ' class='latex' />.<br />
<img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=%5Cangle+ARL%3D%5Cangle+ALR%3D90%5Eo-%5Cangle+LAV%3D90%5Eo-%5Cangle+LUV%3D%5Cangle+UQL&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='&#92;angle ARL=&#92;angle ALR=90^o-&#92;angle LAV=90^o-&#92;angle LUV=&#92;angle UQL' title='&#92;angle ARL=&#92;angle ALR=90^o-&#92;angle LAV=90^o-&#92;angle LUV=&#92;angle UQL' class='latex' />, which follows that <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=L%2C+A%2C+Q%2C+R&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='L, A, Q, R' title='L, A, Q, R' class='latex' /> are concyclic. We get <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=%5Cangle+ARQ%3D%5Cangle+LRQ-%5Cangle+LRA%3D180%5Eo-%5Cangle+LAQ-90%5Eo%2B%5Cangle+LAB%3D90%5Eo-%5Cangle+BAC.+%282%29&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='&#92;angle ARQ=&#92;angle LRQ-&#92;angle LRA=180^o-&#92;angle LAQ-90^o+&#92;angle LAB=90^o-&#92;angle BAC. (2)' title='&#92;angle ARQ=&#92;angle LRQ-&#92;angle LRA=180^o-&#92;angle LAQ-90^o+&#92;angle LAB=90^o-&#92;angle BAC. (2)' class='latex' /><br />
From <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=%281%29&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='(1)' title='(1)' class='latex' /> and <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=%282%29&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='(2)' title='(2)' class='latex' /> we obtain <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=A%5Cin+%28XRS%29&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='A&#92;in (XRS)' title='A&#92;in (XRS)' class='latex' />. Similarly with <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=B%2C+C.&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='B, C.' title='B, C.' class='latex' /><br />
So <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=%5Cangle+AMB%3D%5Cangle+XMY-%5Cangle+XMA-%5Cangle+BMY%3D2%5Cangle+ACB-%5Cangle+XRA-%5Cangle+BRY&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='&#92;angle AMB=&#92;angle XMY-&#92;angle XMA-&#92;angle BMY=2&#92;angle ACB-&#92;angle XRA-&#92;angle BRY' title='&#92;angle AMB=&#92;angle XMY-&#92;angle XMA-&#92;angle BMY=2&#92;angle ACB-&#92;angle XRA-&#92;angle BRY' class='latex' /><br />
<img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=%3D2%5Cangle+ACB-180%5Eo%2B%5Cangle+ARB%3D2%5Cangle+CAB-180%5Eo%2B%5Cangle+ALB%3D%5Cangle+ACB.&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='=2&#92;angle ACB-180^o+&#92;angle ARB=2&#92;angle CAB-180^o+&#92;angle ALB=&#92;angle ACB.' title='=2&#92;angle ACB-180^o+&#92;angle ARB=2&#92;angle CAB-180^o+&#92;angle ALB=&#92;angle ACB.' class='latex' /><br />
Therefore <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=M%5Cin+%5CGamma.&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='M&#92;in &#92;Gamma.' title='M&#92;in &#92;Gamma.' class='latex' /><br />
Construct a tangent <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=Mt&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='Mt' title='Mt' class='latex' /> of <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=%28XYZ%29&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='(XYZ)' title='(XYZ)' class='latex' />. We will show that <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=Mt&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='Mt' title='Mt' class='latex' /> is also a tangent of <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=%5CGamma&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='&#92;Gamma' title='&#92;Gamma' class='latex' /> iff <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=%5Cangle+tMA%3D%5Cangle+ABM&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='&#92;angle tMA=&#92;angle ABM' title='&#92;angle tMA=&#92;angle ABM' class='latex' />.<br />
<img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=%5CLeftrightarrow+%5Cangle+AMX%2B%5Cangle+XMt%3D%5Cangle+ABR%2B%5Cangle+RBM+%283%29&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='&#92;Leftrightarrow &#92;angle AMX+&#92;angle XMt=&#92;angle ABR+&#92;angle RBM (3)' title='&#92;Leftrightarrow &#92;angle AMX+&#92;angle XMt=&#92;angle ABR+&#92;angle RBM (3)' class='latex' /><br />
But <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=%5Cangle+XMt%3D%5Cangle+XYM%3D%5Cangle+RBM%2C+%5Cangle+AMX%3DARX%3D%5Cangle+ALE%3D%5Cangle+ABL%3D%5Cangle+ABR.&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='&#92;angle XMt=&#92;angle XYM=&#92;angle RBM, &#92;angle AMX=ARX=&#92;angle ALE=&#92;angle ABL=&#92;angle ABR.' title='&#92;angle XMt=&#92;angle XYM=&#92;angle RBM, &#92;angle AMX=ARX=&#92;angle ALE=&#92;angle ABL=&#92;angle ABR.' class='latex' /><br />
Hence <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=%283%29&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='(3)' title='(3)' class='latex' /> is true. We are done.</p>
<p>The generalization by <strong>Tran Quang Hung</strong>:</p>
<p>Let <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=ABC&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='ABC' title='ABC' class='latex' /> be a triangle and a point <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=P&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='P' title='P' class='latex' />. A line pass through <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=P&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='P' title='P' class='latex' /> intersect circumcircle <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=%28PBC%29%2C%28PCA%29%2C%28PAB%29&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='(PBC),(PCA),(PAB)' title='(PBC),(PCA),(PAB)' class='latex' /> again at <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=P_a%2CP_b%2CP_c&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='P_a,P_b,P_c' title='P_a,P_b,P_c' class='latex' />, resp. Let <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=l_a%2C+l_b%2C+l_c%2C&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='l_a, l_b, l_c,' title='l_a, l_b, l_c,' class='latex' /> be tangets of circumcircle <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=%28PBC%29%2C%28PCA%29%2C%28PAB%29&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='(PBC),(PCA),(PAB)' title='(PBC),(PCA),(PAB)' class='latex' /> at <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=P_a%2CP_b%2CP_c&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='P_a,P_b,P_c' title='P_a,P_b,P_c' class='latex' />, resp. Prove that the circumcircle of the triangle determined by the lines <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=l_a%2C+l_b%2C+l_c&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='l_a, l_b, l_c' title='l_a, l_b, l_c' class='latex' /> is tangent to the circumcircle <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=%28ABC%29&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='(ABC)' title='(ABC)' class='latex' />.</p>
<p>When <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=P%5Cequiv+H&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='P&#92;equiv H' title='P&#92;equiv H' class='latex' /> orthocenter we have problem 6.</p>
<p>As he said, this new problem can be solved by using inversion, but in this article, I introduce a synthetics proof. The idea is only using angle chasing.</p>
<p><strong>Proof:</strong></p>
<p style="text-align:center;"><a href="http://nguyenvanlinh.files.wordpress.com/2011/08/imo2011_2.png"><img class="alignnone size-full wp-image-391" title="IMO2011_2" src="http://nguyenvanlinh.files.wordpress.com/2011/08/imo2011_2.png" alt="" width="797" height="587" /></a></p>
<p>Let <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=X%2C+Y%2C+Z&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='X, Y, Z' title='X, Y, Z' class='latex' /> be the triangle formed by <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=l_a%2Cl_b%2Cl_c%3B+Q&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='l_a,l_b,l_c; Q' title='l_a,l_b,l_c; Q' class='latex' /> be the Miquel point of the completed quadrilateral <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=XYZP_aP_bP_c%3B+R&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='XYZP_aP_bP_c; R' title='XYZP_aP_bP_c; R' class='latex' /> be the intersection of <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=AP_c&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='AP_c' title='AP_c' class='latex' /> and <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=CP_a&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='CP_a' title='CP_a' class='latex' />.<br />
<img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=%5Cangle+AP_cX%3D%5Cangle+P_cPA%3D%5Cangle+P_bCA%3D%5Cangle+XP_bA&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='&#92;angle AP_cX=&#92;angle P_cPA=&#92;angle P_bCA=&#92;angle XP_bA' title='&#92;angle AP_cX=&#92;angle P_cPA=&#92;angle P_bCA=&#92;angle XP_bA' class='latex' /> then <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=A%5Cin+%28XP_bP_c%29&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='A&#92;in (XP_bP_c)' title='A&#92;in (XP_bP_c)' class='latex' />. Similarly with <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=B%2CC&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='B,C' title='B,C' class='latex' />.<br />
We will show that <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=Q&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='Q' title='Q' class='latex' /> lies on <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=%28ABC%29&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='(ABC)' title='(ABC)' class='latex' />.<br />
We have <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=%5Cangle+P_cAB%2B%5Cangle+P_aCB%3D%5Cangle+P_cPB%2B%5Cangle+P_aPB%3D180%5Eo&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='&#92;angle P_cAB+&#92;angle P_aCB=&#92;angle P_cPB+&#92;angle P_aPB=180^o' title='&#92;angle P_cAB+&#92;angle P_aCB=&#92;angle P_cPB+&#92;angle P_aPB=180^o' class='latex' /> then <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=A%2CB%2CC%2CR&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='A,B,C,R' title='A,B,C,R' class='latex' /> are concyclic.<br />
We conclude that  <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=%5Cangle+AQC%3D%5Cangle+AQP_b%2B%5Cangle+CQP_b%3D%5Cangle+P_bP_cA%2B%5Cangle+P_bP_aC%3D180%5Eo-%5Cangle+ARC%3D%5Cangle+ABC&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='&#92;angle AQC=&#92;angle AQP_b+&#92;angle CQP_b=&#92;angle P_bP_cA+&#92;angle P_bP_aC=180^o-&#92;angle ARC=&#92;angle ABC' title='&#92;angle AQC=&#92;angle AQP_b+&#92;angle CQP_b=&#92;angle P_bP_cA+&#92;angle P_bP_aC=180^o-&#92;angle ARC=&#92;angle ABC' class='latex' />. Therefore <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=Q%5Cin+%28ABC%29&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='Q&#92;in (ABC)' title='Q&#92;in (ABC)' class='latex' />.<br />
Construct the tangent <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=Qt&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='Qt' title='Qt' class='latex' /> of <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=%28XYZ%29&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='(XYZ)' title='(XYZ)' class='latex' />. The idea is to show that <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=Qt&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='Qt' title='Qt' class='latex' /> is also the tangent of <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=%28ABC%29&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='(ABC)' title='(ABC)' class='latex' />, iff <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=%5Cangle+tQA%3D%5Cangle+ACQ&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='&#92;angle tQA=&#92;angle ACQ' title='&#92;angle tQA=&#92;angle ACQ' class='latex' />.<br />
<img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=%5CLeftrightarrow+%5Cangle+tQX%2B%5Cangle+XQA%3D%5Cangle+ACP_b%2B%5Cangle+P_bCQ+%28%2A%29&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='&#92;Leftrightarrow &#92;angle tQX+&#92;angle XQA=&#92;angle ACP_b+&#92;angle P_bCQ (*)' title='&#92;Leftrightarrow &#92;angle tQX+&#92;angle XQA=&#92;angle ACP_b+&#92;angle P_bCQ (*)' class='latex' /><br />
But <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=%5Cangle+tQX%3D%5Cangle+QZX%3D%5Cangle+QCP_b%2C+%5Cangle+XQA%3D%5Cangle+XP_bA%3D%5Cangle+QCP_b&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='&#92;angle tQX=&#92;angle QZX=&#92;angle QCP_b, &#92;angle XQA=&#92;angle XP_bA=&#92;angle QCP_b' title='&#92;angle tQX=&#92;angle QZX=&#92;angle QCP_b, &#92;angle XQA=&#92;angle XP_bA=&#92;angle QCP_b' class='latex' />. So <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=%28%2A%29&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='(*)' title='(*)' class='latex' /> is true. We are done.</p>
<p><strong>Remark:</strong></p>
<p>We have a new problem:<br />
Given a triangle <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=ABC&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='ABC' title='ABC' class='latex' /> with its circumcircle <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=%28O%29&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='(O)' title='(O)' class='latex' />. Let <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=%28O%27%29&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='(O&#039;)' title='(O&#039;)' class='latex' /> be a circle tangent to <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=%28O%29&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='(O)' title='(O)' class='latex' />. <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=P&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='P' title='P' class='latex' /> is an arbitrary point on <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=%28O%29&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='(O)' title='(O)' class='latex' />. Three rays <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=PA%2C+PB%2C+PC&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='PA, PB, PC' title='PA, PB, PC' class='latex' /> (or <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=AP%2C+BP%2C+CP&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='AP, BP, CP' title='AP, BP, CP' class='latex' />) intersect <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=%28O%27%29&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='(O&#039;)' title='(O&#039;)' class='latex' /> again at <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=A_1%2CB_1%2CC_1&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='A_1,B_1,C_1' title='A_1,B_1,C_1' class='latex' />. Let <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=A_2B_2C_2&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='A_2B_2C_2' title='A_2B_2C_2' class='latex' /> be the triangle formed by the reflections of <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=A_1B_1&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='A_1B_1' title='A_1B_1' class='latex' /> wrt <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=AB%2C+B_1C_1&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='AB, B_1C_1' title='AB, B_1C_1' class='latex' /> wrt <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=BC%2C+C_1A_1&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='BC, C_1A_1' title='BC, C_1A_1' class='latex' /> wrt <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=CA&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='CA' title='CA' class='latex' />. Then <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=%28A_2B_2C_2%29&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='(A_2B_2C_2)' title='(A_2B_2C_2)' class='latex' /> is also tangent to <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=%28O%29&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='(O)' title='(O)' class='latex' />.</p>
<p><strong>Proof</strong>: See problem 4 at <a href="http://nguyenvanlinh.files.wordpress.com/2011/08/111202_mathley3sols.pdf">111202_mathley3sols</a></p>
<p>But it is not the end of the line,  in the main problem, we can see that the tangency of two circles is the Anti-Steiner point of the line <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=HL&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='HL' title='HL' class='latex' />. Now we will plan the general case in the problem proposed by <strong>oneplusone</strong> :</p>
<p>Let <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=ABC&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='ABC' title='ABC' class='latex' /> and <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=XYZ&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='XYZ' title='XYZ' class='latex' /> be two triangles with the same circumcircle. The lines <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=l_%7Bxa%7D%2Cl_%7Bxb%7D%2Cl_%7Bxc%7D&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='l_{xa},l_{xb},l_{xc}' title='l_{xa},l_{xb},l_{xc}' class='latex' /> are obtained from reflecting <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=YZ&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='YZ' title='YZ' class='latex' /> about <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=BC%2CCA%2CAB&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='BC,CA,AB' title='BC,CA,AB' class='latex' /> respectively. Let <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=%5CGamma_x&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='&#92;Gamma_x' title='&#92;Gamma_x' class='latex' /> be the circumcircle of the triangle determined by the lines <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=l_%7Bxa%7D%2Cl_%7Bxb%7D%2Cl_%7Bxc%7D&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='l_{xa},l_{xb},l_{xc}' title='l_{xa},l_{xb},l_{xc}' class='latex' />. Similarly define <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=%5CGamma_y%2C%5CGamma_z&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='&#92;Gamma_y,&#92;Gamma_z' title='&#92;Gamma_y,&#92;Gamma_z' class='latex' />. Prove that <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=%5CGamma_x%2C%5CGamma_y%2C%5CGamma_z&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='&#92;Gamma_x,&#92;Gamma_y,&#92;Gamma_z' title='&#92;Gamma_x,&#92;Gamma_y,&#92;Gamma_z' class='latex' /> pass through a common point.</p>
<p><strong>Proof:</strong></p>
<p>We need 3 lemmas:<br />
<strong>Lemma 1:</strong>  Given a triangle <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=ABC&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='ABC' title='ABC' class='latex' /> with its circumcircle <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=%28O%29&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='(O)' title='(O)' class='latex' />. Let <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=X&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='X' title='X' class='latex' /> be an arbitrary point on <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=%28O%29&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='(O)' title='(O)' class='latex' />. An arbitrary line <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=l&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='l' title='l' class='latex' /> passes through <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=X&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='X' title='X' class='latex' />. Let <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=A%27B%27C%27&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='A&#039;B&#039;C&#039;' title='A&#039;B&#039;C&#039;' class='latex' /> be the triangle formed by the reflections of <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=l&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='l' title='l' class='latex' /> wrt 3 sides of triangle <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=ABC&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='ABC' title='ABC' class='latex' />. Let <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=H&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='H' title='H' class='latex' /> be the orthocenter of triangle <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=ABC&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='ABC' title='ABC' class='latex' />. Then <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=A%27%2C+B%27%2C+C%27&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='A&#039;, B&#039;, C&#039;' title='A&#039;, B&#039;, C&#039;' class='latex' /> and the Anti-Steiner point <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=L&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='L' title='L' class='latex' /> wrt <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=HX&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='HX' title='HX' class='latex' /> are concyclic.<br />
<strong>Proof:</strong></p>
<p style="text-align:left;"><a href="http://nguyenvanlinh.files.wordpress.com/2011/08/figure1.png"><img class="alignnone size-full wp-image-392" title="figure1" src="http://nguyenvanlinh.files.wordpress.com/2011/08/figure1.png" alt="" width="904" height="577" /></a><br />
Let <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=M%2C+N%2C+P&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='M, N, P' title='M, N, P' class='latex' /> be the reflections of <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=X&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='X' title='X' class='latex' /> wrt <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=BC%2C+CA%2C+AB&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='BC, CA, AB' title='BC, CA, AB' class='latex' />. Let <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=A%27%27%2C+B%27%27%2C+C%27%27&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='A&#039;&#039;, B&#039;&#039;, C&#039;&#039;' title='A&#039;&#039;, B&#039;&#039;, C&#039;&#039;' class='latex' /> be the intersections of <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=l&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='l' title='l' class='latex' /> and <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=BC%2C+CA%2C+AB&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='BC, CA, AB' title='BC, CA, AB' class='latex' />. Let <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=P%2C+R&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='P, R' title='P, R' class='latex' /> be the intersections of <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=XH&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='XH' title='XH' class='latex' /> and <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=AB%2C+AC%3B+J&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='AB, AC; J' title='AB, AC; J' class='latex' /> be the intersection of <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=PN&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='PN' title='PN' class='latex' /> and <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=AC&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='AC' title='AC' class='latex' />.<br />
Note that <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=A&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='A' title='A' class='latex' /> is the excenter of triangle <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=A%27B%27%27C%27%27&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='A&#039;B&#039;&#039;C&#039;&#039;' title='A&#039;B&#039;&#039;C&#039;&#039;' class='latex' /> then <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=%5Cangle+PA%27A%3D90%5Eo-%5Cangle+BAC.&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='&#92;angle PA&#039;A=90^o-&#92;angle BAC.' title='&#92;angle PA&#039;A=90^o-&#92;angle BAC.' class='latex' /><br />
<img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=A&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='A' title='A' class='latex' /> is the excenter of triangle <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=TRL&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='TRL' title='TRL' class='latex' /> then <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=%5Cangle+TLR%3D90%5Eo-%5Cangle+BAC.&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='&#92;angle TLR=90^o-&#92;angle BAC.' title='&#92;angle TLR=90^o-&#92;angle BAC.' class='latex' /><br />
So <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=%5Cangle+PA%27A%3D%5Cangle+TLR.&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='&#92;angle PA&#039;A=&#92;angle TLR.' title='&#92;angle PA&#039;A=&#92;angle TLR.' class='latex' /><br />
We obtain <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=A%2C+P%2C+A%27%2C+L&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='A, P, A&#039;, L' title='A, P, A&#039;, L' class='latex' /> are concyclic. Similarly, <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=N&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='N' title='N' class='latex' /> lies on <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=%28APA%27%29&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='(APA&#039;)' title='(APA&#039;)' class='latex' />.<br />
Similarly, <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=B%2C+M%2C+P%2C+B%27%2C+L&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='B, M, P, B&#039;, L' title='B, M, P, B&#039;, L' class='latex' /> are concyclic; <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=M%2C+C%27%2C+L%2C+C%2C+N&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='M, C&#039;, L, C, N' title='M, C&#039;, L, C, N' class='latex' /> are concyclic.<br />
Then <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=%5Cangle+B%27C%27L%3D%5Cangle+LNM%3D%5Cangle+B%27A%27L&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='&#92;angle B&#039;C&#039;L=&#92;angle LNM=&#92;angle B&#039;A&#039;L' title='&#92;angle B&#039;C&#039;L=&#92;angle LNM=&#92;angle B&#039;A&#039;L' class='latex' />. Therefore <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=L&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='L' title='L' class='latex' /> lies on <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=%28A%27B%27C%27%29.&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='(A&#039;B&#039;C&#039;).' title='(A&#039;B&#039;C&#039;).' class='latex' /></p>
<p><strong>Note:</strong> We have <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=%5Cangle+B%27A%27L%3D%5Cangle+PNL%3D%5Cangle+%28XJ%2C+HX%29.+%281%29&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='&#92;angle B&#039;A&#039;L=&#92;angle PNL=&#92;angle (XJ, HX). (1)' title='&#92;angle B&#039;A&#039;L=&#92;angle PNL=&#92;angle (XJ, HX). (1)' class='latex' /></p>
<p><strong>Lemma 2:</strong> Given a triangle <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=ABC&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='ABC' title='ABC' class='latex' /> with its circumcircle <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=%28O%29&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='(O)' title='(O)' class='latex' />. Let <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=X&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='X' title='X' class='latex' /> be an arbitrary point on <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=%28O%29&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='(O)' title='(O)' class='latex' />. The arbitrary lines <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=l_1&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='l_1' title='l_1' class='latex' /> and <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=l_2&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='l_2' title='l_2' class='latex' /> pass through <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=X&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='X' title='X' class='latex' />. Let <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=A_1B_1C_1&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='A_1B_1C_1' title='A_1B_1C_1' class='latex' /> and <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=A_2B_2C_2&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='A_2B_2C_2' title='A_2B_2C_2' class='latex' /> be the triangles formed by the reflections of <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=l_1&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='l_1' title='l_1' class='latex' /> and <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=l_2&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='l_2' title='l_2' class='latex' /> wrt 3 sides of triangle <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=ABC&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='ABC' title='ABC' class='latex' />, respectively, Let <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=Q&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='Q' title='Q' class='latex' /> be the intersection of <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=%28A_1B_1C_1%29&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='(A_1B_1C_1)' title='(A_1B_1C_1)' class='latex' /> and <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=%28A_2B_2C_2%29+%28Q&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='(A_2B_2C_2) (Q' title='(A_2B_2C_2) (Q' class='latex' /> is not lie on <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=%28O%29+%29&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='(O) )' title='(O) )' class='latex' />. Then <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=A_1%2C+Q%2C+A_2&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='A_1, Q, A_2' title='A_1, Q, A_2' class='latex' /> are collinear.<br />
<strong>Proof:</strong></p>
<p style="text-align:left;">Let <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=L&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='L' title='L' class='latex' /> be the intersection of <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=%28A_1B_1C_1%29&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='(A_1B_1C_1)' title='(A_1B_1C_1)' class='latex' /> and <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=%28A_2B_2C_2%29+%28L&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='(A_2B_2C_2) (L' title='(A_2B_2C_2) (L' class='latex' /> lies on <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=%28O%29+%29&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='(O) )' title='(O) )' class='latex' />. Let <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=K&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='K' title='K' class='latex' /> be the intersection of the Steiner line of <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=X&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='X' title='X' class='latex' /> and <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=BC&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='BC' title='BC' class='latex' />.<br />
From <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=%281%29&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='(1)' title='(1)' class='latex' />, we get <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=%5Cangle+LQA_2%3D%5Cangle+LB_2A_2%3D%28XK%2C+XH%29%3D%5Cangle+LB_1A_1%3D180%5Eo-%5Cangle+LQA_1&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='&#92;angle LQA_2=&#92;angle LB_2A_2=(XK, XH)=&#92;angle LB_1A_1=180^o-&#92;angle LQA_1' title='&#92;angle LQA_2=&#92;angle LB_2A_2=(XK, XH)=&#92;angle LB_1A_1=180^o-&#92;angle LQA_1' class='latex' />.<br />
So <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=A_1%2C+Q%2C+A_2&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='A_1, Q, A_2' title='A_1, Q, A_2' class='latex' /> are collinear.</p>
<p><strong>Lemma 3:</strong> Let <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=Y%2C+Z&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='Y, Z' title='Y, Z' class='latex' /> be the second intersections of <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=l_1%2C+l_2&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='l_1, l_2' title='l_1, l_2' class='latex' /> and <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=%28O%29&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='(O)' title='(O)' class='latex' />. Let<img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=A_3B_3C_3&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='A_3B_3C_3' title='A_3B_3C_3' class='latex' /> be the triangle formed by the reflections of <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=YZ&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='YZ' title='YZ' class='latex' /> and 3 sides of triangle <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=ABC&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='ABC' title='ABC' class='latex' />. Then <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=A_1%2C+A_2%2C+A_3&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='A_1, A_2, A_3' title='A_1, A_2, A_3' class='latex' /> are collinear.<br />
<strong>Proof:</strong></p>
<p><a href="http://nguyenvanlinh.files.wordpress.com/2011/08/figure2.png"><img class="size-full wp-image-393 aligncenter" title="figure2" src="http://nguyenvanlinh.files.wordpress.com/2011/08/figure2.png" alt="" width="795" height="582" /></a><br />
Let <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=N%2C+P&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='N, P' title='N, P' class='latex' /> be the reflections of <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=X&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='X' title='X' class='latex' /> wrt <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=AC%2C+AB&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='AC, AB' title='AC, AB' class='latex' />. From lemma 1 we have <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=A%2C+A_1%2C+A_2%2C+N&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='A, A_1, A_2, N' title='A, A_1, A_2, N' class='latex' /> are concyclic.<br />
We get <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=%5Cangle+AA_1A_2%3D%5Cangle+ANA_2%3D180%5Eo-%5Cangle+AXZ.&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='&#92;angle AA_1A_2=&#92;angle ANA_2=180^o-&#92;angle AXZ.' title='&#92;angle AA_1A_2=&#92;angle ANA_2=180^o-&#92;angle AXZ.' class='latex' /><br />
Similarly, <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=%5Cangle+AA_1A_3%3D180%5Eo-%5Cangle+AYZ.&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='&#92;angle AA_1A_3=180^o-&#92;angle AYZ.' title='&#92;angle AA_1A_3=180^o-&#92;angle AYZ.' class='latex' /><br />
This means <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=%5Cangle+AA_1A_2%2B+%5Cangle+AA_1A_3%3D180%5Eo&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='&#92;angle AA_1A_2+ &#92;angle AA_1A_3=180^o' title='&#92;angle AA_1A_2+ &#92;angle AA_1A_3=180^o' class='latex' />. We are done.</p>
<p><strong>Back to our problem:</strong><br />
We define <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=Q%27&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='Q&#039;' title='Q&#039;' class='latex' /> be the intersection of <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=%28A_3B_3C_3%29&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='(A_3B_3C_3)' title='(A_3B_3C_3)' class='latex' /> and <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=%28A_1B_1C_1%29&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='(A_1B_1C_1)' title='(A_1B_1C_1)' class='latex' /> then <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=Q%27%2C+A_3%2C+A_1&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='Q&#039;, A_3, A_1' title='Q&#039;, A_3, A_1' class='latex' /> are collinear. Applying lemma 3, we get <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=Q%27%2C+A_1%2C+A_2&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='Q&#039;, A_1, A_2' title='Q&#039;, A_1, A_2' class='latex' /> are collinear. But <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=Q%2C+A_1%2C+A_2&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='Q, A_1, A_2' title='Q, A_1, A_2' class='latex' /> are collinear (lemma 2) then <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=Q%27%5Cequiv+Q&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='Q&#039;&#92;equiv Q' title='Q&#039;&#92;equiv Q' class='latex' />. We are done.</p>
<p><strong>Some links about P6, IMO 2011.</strong></p>
<p><a href="http://www.artofproblemsolving.com/Forum/viewtopic.php?f=729&amp;t=418983">http://www.artofproblemsolving.com/Forum/viewtopic.php?f=729&amp;t=418983</a></p>
<p><a href="http://www.artofproblemsolving.com/Forum/download/file.php?id=34547">http://www.artofproblemsolving.com/Forum/download/file.php?id=34547</a></p>
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		<title>3 equal circumcircles</title>
		<link>http://nguyenvanlinh.wordpress.com/2011/08/13/3-equal-circumcircles/</link>
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		<pubDate>Sat, 13 Aug 2011 16:34:52 +0000</pubDate>
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		<description><![CDATA[Today my friend gave me a problem by Tran Quang Hung, Hanoi University of Science. Given a triangle . Let be the center of 9-point circle of triangle . Let be the reflections of wrt . Similarly we define . Prove that 3 radius of the circumcircles of 3 triangles are equal. Solution bai1<img alt="" border="0" src="http://stats.wordpress.com/b.gif?host=nguyenvanlinh.wordpress.com&amp;blog=9871274&amp;post=383&amp;subd=nguyenvanlinh&amp;ref=&amp;feed=1" width="1" height="1" />]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Today my friend gave me a problem by Tran Quang Hung, Hanoi University of Science.</p>
<p>Given a triangle <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=ABC&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='ABC' title='ABC' class='latex' />. Let <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=E&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='E' title='E' class='latex' /> be the center of 9-point circle of triangle <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=ABC&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='ABC' title='ABC' class='latex' />. Let <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=B_a%2C+C_a&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='B_a, C_a' title='B_a, C_a' class='latex' /> be the reflections of <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=B%2C+C&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='B, C' title='B, C' class='latex' /> wrt <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=AE&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='AE' title='AE' class='latex' />. Similarly we define <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=A_b%2C+C_b%3B+A_c%2C+B_c&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='A_b, C_b; A_c, B_c' title='A_b, C_b; A_c, B_c' class='latex' />. Prove that 3 radius of the circumcircles of 3 triangles <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=AB_cC_b%2C+A_cBC_a%2C+A_bB_aC&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='AB_cC_b, A_cBC_a, A_bB_aC' title='AB_cC_b, A_cBC_a, A_bB_aC' class='latex' /> are equal.</p>
<p style="text-align:center;"><a href="http://nguyenvanlinh.files.wordpress.com/2011/08/figure3.png"><img class="alignnone size-full wp-image-384" title="figure3" src="http://nguyenvanlinh.files.wordpress.com/2011/08/figure3.png" alt="" width="480" height="525" /></a></p>
<p style="text-align:center;"><strong>Solution</strong></p>
<p style="text-align:center;"><a href="http://nguyenvanlinh.files.wordpress.com/2011/08/bai1.pdf">bai1</a></p>
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		<title>Sondat&#8217;s theorem</title>
		<link>http://nguyenvanlinh.wordpress.com/2011/07/14/sondats-theorem/</link>
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		<pubDate>Thu, 14 Jul 2011 04:32:14 +0000</pubDate>
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		<description><![CDATA[Sondat&#8217;s theorem: Given a triangle . An arbitrary line d intersects at , respectively. Construct the paralogic triangle of wrt . Then bisects the line joining the two orthocenters and of and . Proof: Lemma:  Given two similar triangles and . Let be the midpoints of , respectively. Then . Proof:  Let be the midpoints [...]<img alt="" border="0" src="http://stats.wordpress.com/b.gif?host=nguyenvanlinh.wordpress.com&amp;blog=9871274&amp;post=373&amp;subd=nguyenvanlinh&amp;ref=&amp;feed=1" width="1" height="1" />]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><strong>Sondat&#8217;s theorem:</strong></p>
<p>Given a triangle <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=ABC&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='ABC' title='ABC' class='latex' />. An arbitrary line d intersects <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=BC%2C+CA%2C+AB&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='BC, CA, AB' title='BC, CA, AB' class='latex' /> at <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=A%27%2C+B%27%2C+C%27&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='A&#039;, B&#039;, C&#039;' title='A&#039;, B&#039;, C&#039;' class='latex' />, respectively. Construct the paralogic triangle <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=A_1B_1C_1&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='A_1B_1C_1' title='A_1B_1C_1' class='latex' /> of <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=ABC&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='ABC' title='ABC' class='latex' /> wrt <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=d&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='d' title='d' class='latex' />. Then <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=d&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='d' title='d' class='latex' /> bisects the line joining the two orthocenters <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=H&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='H' title='H' class='latex' /> and <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=H_1&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='H_1' title='H_1' class='latex' /> of <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=%5CDelta+ABC&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='&#92;Delta ABC' title='&#92;Delta ABC' class='latex' /> and <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=A_1B_1C_1&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='A_1B_1C_1' title='A_1B_1C_1' class='latex' />.</p>
<p><strong>Proof:</strong></p>
<p><strong>Lemma:</strong>  Given two similar triangles <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=ABC&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='ABC' title='ABC' class='latex' /> and <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=A_1B_1C_1&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='A_1B_1C_1' title='A_1B_1C_1' class='latex' />. Let <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=A_2%2C+B_2%2C+C_2&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='A_2, B_2, C_2' title='A_2, B_2, C_2' class='latex' /> be the midpoints of <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=AA_1%2C+BB_1%2C+CC_1&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='AA_1, BB_1, CC_1' title='AA_1, BB_1, CC_1' class='latex' />, respectively. Then <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=%5CDelta+A_2B_2C_2%5Csim+%5CDelta+ABC+%5Csim+%5CDelta+A_1B_1C_1&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='&#92;Delta A_2B_2C_2&#92;sim &#92;Delta ABC &#92;sim &#92;Delta A_1B_1C_1' title='&#92;Delta A_2B_2C_2&#92;sim &#92;Delta ABC &#92;sim &#92;Delta A_1B_1C_1' class='latex' />.<br />
<strong>Proof:</strong>  Let <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=M%2C+N&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='M, N' title='M, N' class='latex' /> be the midpoints of <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=AB_1&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='AB_1' title='AB_1' class='latex' /> and <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=AC_1&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='AC_1' title='AC_1' class='latex' />. It&#8217;s easy to see that <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=%5CDelta+A_2MN%5Csim+%5CDelta+A_1B_1C_1&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='&#92;Delta A_2MN&#92;sim &#92;Delta A_1B_1C_1' title='&#92;Delta A_2MN&#92;sim &#92;Delta A_1B_1C_1' class='latex' />.<br />
Use direct angle we can show that <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=%28AB%2C+A_1B_1%29%3D%28AC%2C+A_1C_1%29&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='(AB, A_1B_1)=(AC, A_1C_1)' title='(AB, A_1B_1)=(AC, A_1C_1)' class='latex' />, which follows that <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=%5Cangle+A_2MB_2%3D%5Cangle+A_2NC_2&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='&#92;angle A_2MB_2=&#92;angle A_2NC_2' title='&#92;angle A_2MB_2=&#92;angle A_2NC_2' class='latex' />. So <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=%5CDelta+A_2MB_2%3D+%5CDelta+A_2NC_2&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='&#92;Delta A_2MB_2= &#92;Delta A_2NC_2' title='&#92;Delta A_2MB_2= &#92;Delta A_2NC_2' class='latex' />. Therefore <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=%5CDelta+A_2B_2C_2%5Csim+%5CDelta+A_2MN&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='&#92;Delta A_2B_2C_2&#92;sim &#92;Delta A_2MN' title='&#92;Delta A_2B_2C_2&#92;sim &#92;Delta A_2MN' class='latex' /> and we are done.</p>
<p><strong>Back to the theorem:</strong></p>
<p>Let <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=X%2C+Y%2C+Z%2C+H_2&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='X, Y, Z, H_2' title='X, Y, Z, H_2' class='latex' /> be the midpoints of <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=AA_1%2C+BB_1%2C+CC_1%2C+HH_1&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='AA_1, BB_1, CC_1, HH_1' title='AA_1, BB_1, CC_1, HH_1' class='latex' />. It&#8217;s easy to show that <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=%5CDelta+A_1H_1B_1%5Csim+%5CDelta+AHB%2C+%5CDelta+B_1H_1C_1%5Csim+%5CDelta+BHC%2C+%5CDelta+C_1H_1A_1%5Csim+%5CDelta+CHA&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='&#92;Delta A_1H_1B_1&#92;sim &#92;Delta AHB, &#92;Delta B_1H_1C_1&#92;sim &#92;Delta BHC, &#92;Delta C_1H_1A_1&#92;sim &#92;Delta CHA' title='&#92;Delta A_1H_1B_1&#92;sim &#92;Delta AHB, &#92;Delta B_1H_1C_1&#92;sim &#92;Delta BHC, &#92;Delta C_1H_1A_1&#92;sim &#92;Delta CHA' class='latex' />. Applying the lemma above we get <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=%5CDelta+XYZ%5Csim+%5CDelta+ABC%5Csim+%5CDelta+A_1B_1C_1&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='&#92;Delta XYZ&#92;sim &#92;Delta ABC&#92;sim &#92;Delta A_1B_1C_1' title='&#92;Delta XYZ&#92;sim &#92;Delta ABC&#92;sim &#92;Delta A_1B_1C_1' class='latex' /> and <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=H_2&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='H_2' title='H_2' class='latex' /> is the orthocenter of <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=%5CDelta+XYZ&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='&#92;Delta XYZ' title='&#92;Delta XYZ' class='latex' />.<br />
Let <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=L&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='L' title='L' class='latex' /> be the Miquel point of the completed quadrilateral <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=ABCA%27B%27C%27&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='ABCA&#039;B&#039;C&#039;' title='ABCA&#039;B&#039;C&#039;' class='latex' />.<br />
The result <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=X%2C+Y%2C+Z%2C+O%2C+L&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='X, Y, Z, O, L' title='X, Y, Z, O, L' class='latex' /> are concyclic is well-known so I leave it to the readers.<br />
Note that <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=A%27%2C+B%27%2C+C%27&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='A&#039;, B&#039;, C&#039;' title='A&#039;, B&#039;, C&#039;' class='latex' /> is the reflections of <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=L&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='L' title='L' class='latex' /> wrt <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=YZ%2C+ZX%2C+XY&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='YZ, ZX, XY' title='YZ, ZX, XY' class='latex' />, respectively then <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=d&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='d' title='d' class='latex' /> is the Steiner&#8217;s line of <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=L&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='L' title='L' class='latex' /> wrt <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=%5CDelta+XYZ&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='&#92;Delta XYZ' title='&#92;Delta XYZ' class='latex' />. This means <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=d&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='d' title='d' class='latex' /> passes through the orthocenter of triangle <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=XYZ&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='XYZ' title='XYZ' class='latex' /> or <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=d&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='d' title='d' class='latex' /> passes through the midpoint of <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=HH_1&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='HH_1' title='HH_1' class='latex' />.<br />
We are done.</p>
<p><a href="http://nguyenvanlinh.files.wordpress.com/2011/07/figure31.png"><img class="alignnone size-full wp-image-374" title="figure31" src="http://nguyenvanlinh.files.wordpress.com/2011/07/figure31.png" alt="" width="534" height="525" /></a></p>
<p><strong>Another proof (by Jean-Louis Ayme):</strong></p>
<p>Let <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=X&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='X' title='X' class='latex' /> be the intersection of <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=AA_1&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='AA_1' title='AA_1' class='latex' /> and <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=CC_1&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='CC_1' title='CC_1' class='latex' />. Note that <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=%5Cangle+BCX%3D+%5Cangle+A%27B%27C_1%3D%5Cangle+C%27AA_1&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='&#92;angle BCX= &#92;angle A&#039;B&#039;C_1=&#92;angle C&#039;AA_1' title='&#92;angle BCX= &#92;angle A&#039;B&#039;C_1=&#92;angle C&#039;AA_1' class='latex' /> then <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=X%5Cin+%28ABC%29&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='X&#92;in (ABC)' title='X&#92;in (ABC)' class='latex' />.</p>
<p>Let <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=M%2C+N&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='M, N' title='M, N' class='latex' /> be the projections of <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=X&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='X' title='X' class='latex' /> onto <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=BC%2C+AB&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='BC, AB' title='BC, AB' class='latex' />, respectively.</p>
<p>We have <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=%5Cangle+BMN%3D%5Cangle+BXN%3D%5Cangle+BB_1C%27%3D%5Cangle+BA%27C%27&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='&#92;angle BMN=&#92;angle BXN=&#92;angle BB_1C&#039;=&#92;angle BA&#039;C&#039;' title='&#92;angle BMN=&#92;angle BXN=&#92;angle BB_1C&#039;=&#92;angle BA&#039;C&#039;' class='latex' /> therefore <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=MN%2F%2Fd&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='MN//d' title='MN//d' class='latex' /> or the Simson&#8217;s line and the Steiner&#8217;s line of <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=X&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='X' title='X' class='latex' /> wrt <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=%5CDelta+ABC&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='&#92;Delta ABC' title='&#92;Delta ABC' class='latex' /> is parallel to <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=d&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='d' title='d' class='latex' />.</p>
<p>Similarly, the Steiner&#8217;s line of <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=X&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='X' title='X' class='latex' /> wrt <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=%5CDelta+A_1B_1C_1&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='&#92;Delta A_1B_1C_1' title='&#92;Delta A_1B_1C_1' class='latex' /> is parallel to <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=d&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='d' title='d' class='latex' />.</p>
<p>Let <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=P%2C+Q&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='P, Q' title='P, Q' class='latex' /> be the reflections of <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=X&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='X' title='X' class='latex' /> wrt <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=AB%2C+A_1B_1&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='AB, A_1B_1' title='AB, A_1B_1' class='latex' />, respectively. It&#8217;s easy to show that <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=C%27&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='C&#039;' title='C&#039;' class='latex' /> is the midpoint of <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=PQ&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='PQ' title='PQ' class='latex' />. Note that <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=d&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='d' title='d' class='latex' /> is the midline of the trapezium <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=PHH_1Q&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='PHH_1Q' title='PHH_1Q' class='latex' /> then <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=d&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='d' title='d' class='latex' /> bisects <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=HH_1&amp;bg=fafcff&amp;fg=2a2a2a&amp;s=0' alt='HH_1' title='HH_1' class='latex' />. We are done.</p>
<p><a href="http://nguyenvanlinh.files.wordpress.com/2011/07/figure32.png"><img class="alignnone size-full wp-image-379" title="figure32" src="http://nguyenvanlinh.files.wordpress.com/2011/07/figure32.png" alt="" width="545" height="543" /></a></p>
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		<title>From a simple problem</title>
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		<pubDate>Tue, 03 May 2011 01:59:19 +0000</pubDate>
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